"Located on the Barbary Coast (Salé, Algiers and Tunis), those pirate bases were havens for Muslim Renegade Corsairs from the 16th to the 18th century. The pirates, dubbed "Barbary pirates", ravaged European shipping operations and enslaved many thousands of captives. However, thousands of Europeans also converted to Islam, forming the "Renegados" and joining the pirate holy war... ...these men and women were not only apostates and traitors, as they were considered in their homelands, but their voluntary betrayal of Christendom can also be thought of as a praxis of social resistance." _wiki page on Peter Lamborn Wilson 'Pirate Utopias.'
